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Cooperativa Ingenieros C-7 Departamento 4 - Cayma
Arequipa - Perú
Tel.: +51 054 252380
Cel.: +51 054 959347246
RPM: #755128
Salinas Lagoon is a brackish water lagoon and is surrounded by wetlands and peatlands. In this reserve are important as the mountains and volcanoes Misti and Pichu Pichu Chachani addition to several lakes. The reserve is home to relics of Andean forests and grasslands that have high Andean species that are typical groupings as Yareta (Azorella sp.) Queñual (Polylepis sp.) Kcapo and (Parastrephia lepidophylla), used by local people as fuel and cattle grazing.
The National Reserve of Salinas and Aguada Blanca is located in the provinces of Arequipa and Caylloma, the department of Arequipa, and the province of General Sánchez Cerro in the department of Moquegua. It covers an area of 366 936 hectares and is located at an average altitude of 4 300 m Starting from Arequipa, the reserve is accessed by three routes: the road Arequipa - Yura - Juliaca, the old road and the road Cabrerías Arequipa - Chiguata - Puno. The Reserve is widely populated. Most of its territory belongs to thirteen communities, and over one hundred private property recognized by law. Misti summits and Chachani are the ones who are not owners. Politically, the area of the reserve belongs to five districts in three provinces located in two departments: Arequipa and Moquegua.
In the National Reserve of Salinas and Aguada Blanca, the climatic characteristics of the puna average annual temperatures ranging between 3 and 8 degrees centigrade, with absolute minimum flow to -10 ° C. Frayles in the area, the average annual temperature reaches 2.6 ° C and the average of the absolute minimum is -10.1 ° C. The absolute maximum range between 13 and 15 degrees centigrade.
Imata in the annual average is 5.1 ° C, with a minimum of -9.7 ° C and a maximum of 16.3 ° C (Javier Pulgar Vidal, in his book The Natural Regions 8, tells us that lowest temperature recorded in Peru is -25 C, in July 1961, Sumbay). The hottest month is November and the coldest months are June, July and August (when it can reach -18.9 ° C). The thermal fluctuations are large and are both day and night between the shade (covered area) and sun (open air). Frost is present almost throughout the year, although lower in intensity during the months of highest rainfall, particularly in March.
It has been observed that rainfall decreases from east to west. In the area of the Reserve, we have figures ranging from 200 mm (Arrieros Pampa) and 519 mm (Imata). The highest rainfall months are January, February and March, which recorded 65 per cent of total annual precipitation. In the past twenty years, the southern region has suffered severe drought cycles, which indicates that we must carefully manage the water in this fragile ecosystem. The average relative humidity is low: the lowest average is 50 percent. The freezing wind contributes to the environmental dry and evaporation is intense (1.5 m per year or more).
The National Reserve of Salinas and Aguada Blanca is a representative sample of the dry highlands of South America. The high diversity of ecosystems and species in the reserve is found in six areas of life. Much of the species of flora and fauna are endangered because of poaching, indiscriminate extraction of natural resources, overgrazing, habitat destruction and modification, or by a high degree of endemism and rarity.
To date, the Reserve has identified a total of 358 plant species, distributed in 155 genera, 47 families, 31 orders, four classes and three divisions. Families with greater diversity of genera and species are Asteraceae with 28 genera and 78 species, and Poaceae, with eleven genera and 52 species. The genera with the greatest number of species Calamagrostis (fifteen species), Senecio (twelve species) and Werneria (ten species). Among the major types of vegetation, we queñoa, yareta and tola, among others.
The National Reserve of Salinas and Aguada Blanca is a jealous guardian of the biodiversity of the Dry Puna of South America, adapted to sudden changes of weather and extremely cold temperatures that characterize this ecosystem. To date there have been a total of 176 vertebrate species, including 24 species of mammals, 143 birds, four amphibians, reptiles and three of four fish.
Are 44 species of waterfowl that live in the main wetlands. In the Laguna Salinas, contains one of the main areas for the conservation of three species of flamingos, with populations that can reach 25 thousand individuals in the wet season. This gap is particularly notable Anatidae and Andean gulls of various species.
(Phoenicoparrus andinus) Their names are parinas large Flemish Andean and Andean parihuana jututu. Its plumage is faintly pink, with a purplish area on the upper chest. It has yellow legs and red eyes. Their beak is black, with basal third yellowish. In the Andean parihuana is considered the inspiration of Don José de San Martín to the creation of our national flag, its red and white.
(Phoenicoparrus jamesi) Their names are parinas girl parihuana, Flemish and chururu James. Of the three species of flamingos in the National Reserve of Salinas and Aguada Blanca (James Flemish, Dutch and Flemish Andean Common), the Flemish James is the smallest. He is distinguished by its pink streaks at the base of the neck and the back post. Its legs are red and his eyes and the edge eye, red-brown. Its beak is yellow with black tip